İskilipli Mehmed Atıf Hoca (1875 – 4 February 1926) was an Islamic scholar. He was born in Tophane, Çorum in Turkey, in 1875. He started his early education in his village. In 1893 he came to Istanbul for Madrasa ("school" in Arabic) education. In 1902 he started Darü'l-fünunun ilahiyat Fafültesi (Darü'l-fünunun Divinity School). He finished his faculty in 1903 and started working as Ders-i Amm (Ulema, a person who teaches the Madrasa students) in the Fatih Mosque.
He was later arrested and taken to jail several times, but freed. During the westernization movement in Turkey, he wrote a book called Frenk Mukallitliği ve Şapka (literally, Westernization and the Hat) in 1924. Later he was arrested and accused of violating the "Şapka Kanunu" (The Hat Act), a law passed on 25 November 1925, which indicated that everyone should wear hats, while banning the wearing of religious clothes and the fez. Atif Hodja stood trial in Giresun Liberty Court but was found innocent and was released. However, he was later re-arrested and was sent to Ankara on 26 December 1925. He stood trial on Tuesday 26 January 1926, in Ankara. The attorney general demanded three years of imprisonment, but the court postponed the trial to the next day, when the chief justice of the court saw no need to defend the Hodja and declared his decision. The Hodja was sentenced to death. He died on 4 February 1926.
His life was made into a movie in 1993, İskilipli Atıf Hoca / Kelebekler Sonsuza Uçar.